How to set up a refuge floor in a residence
In recent years, natural disasters and public emergencies have occurred frequently, and the design of residential refuge floors has become a hot topic of social concern. How to rationally set up refuge floors in residential buildings to ensure the safety of residents is an important issue in architectural design and urban planning. This article will combine hot topics and hot content in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed analysis of the design points of residential refuge floors.
1. Basic concepts of refuge levels
Refuge floors refer to floors in high-rise buildings that are designed to provide temporary refuge for residents in emergencies. According to the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" (GB 50016-2014), public and residential buildings with a building height exceeding 100 meters should be equipped with refuge floors (rooms). The design of the refuge floor must meet the following basic requirements:
| Project | request |
|---|---|
| location | The net area of the refuge floor (room) should meet the design requirements for the number of people taking refuge, and should be calculated as 5.0 people/m² |
| height | The height from the floor of the first refuge floor (room) to the ground of the fire fighting and rescue site should not be greater than 50m, and the height between the two refuge floors (rooms) should not be greater than 50m. |
| fire separation | A fire wall or fire partition wall should be used to separate the refuge floor (room) from other areas, and at least one side should be against the exterior wall |
| evacuation facilities | Fire elevator exits, dedicated fire telephone lines and emergency broadcasts should be set up, and an independent mechanical pressurized air supply system should be set up. |
2. Key points in the design of residential refuge floors
1.structural safety: The structural design of the refuge floor should be able to withstand possible disaster impacts, such as earthquakes, fires, etc. Structural materials should be made of materials with good fire resistance and earthquake resistance.
2.space layout: The refuge floor should ensure sufficient clear height and clear area to avoid crowding. Generally, the net height should not be less than 2.2 meters, and the net area is calculated as 0.5 square meters per person.
3.Ventilation and lighting: The refuge floor should be equipped with an independent ventilation system to ensure air circulation. At the same time, the emergency lighting system should be able to start automatically when there is a power outage to ensure lighting needs.
4.Device configuration: The refuge floor should be equipped with basic emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, first aid kits, emergency communication equipment, etc. The following is a list of common equipment:
| Device name | Quantity | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| fire extinguisher | 2-4 pcs | Configure according to area |
| first aid kit | 1-2 pieces | Contains basic first aid medicines |
| emergency lighting | 1 per 10 square meters | Guaranteed continuous lighting time ≥90 minutes |
| emergency communication equipment | 1 set | Can be connected to fire control center |
3. The correlation between hot topics in the past 10 days and the design of the refuge floor
1.Frequent earthquakes cause concern: Earthquakes have occurred in many places recently, and the seismic performance of residential buildings has become a hot topic. The design of the refuge floor should fully consider seismic requirements to ensure structural stability.
2.High-rise fire accident: A fire incident in a high-rise residential building in a certain city triggered a discussion on escape routes and refuge floors. Obvious signs and evacuation guidelines should be set up on the refuge floor.
3.Smart city construction: With the development of smart cities, intelligent monitoring systems can be introduced at the refuge floor to monitor environmental conditions in real time and improve emergency response speed.
4. Future Development Trends of Refuge Levels
1.green refuge layer: Combined with the concept of environmental protection, the future refuge floor may use green building materials and be equipped with a solar emergency power supply system.
2.Multifunctional design: The refuge floor can be used as a public activity space in normal times and can be quickly converted into a refuge place in an emergency.
3.Intelligent management: Through the Internet of Things technology, remote monitoring and automated management of equipment at the refuge level can be realized to improve emergency efficiency.
5. Summary
The design of residential refuge floors is an important part of ensuring the safety of residents. From structural safety to equipment configuration, every detail needs to be strictly followed. Combining recent hot events and future development trends, the design of the refuge floor will pay more attention to intelligence and multi-functionality. I hope this article can provide valuable reference for your residential refuge floor design.
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