How to divide male and female into male and female: Revealing the scientific method of biological gender identification
In nature, dioeciousness is the basis for most organisms to reproduce, but how to accurately distinguish male and female (male and female) is a complex and interesting topic. This article will combine popular topics and scientific data on the entire network for the past 10 days, and systematically analyze the gender identification methods from the perspective of animals, plants and humans, and attach structured data for reference.
1. Methods for distinguishing gender in the animal kingdom
| Species category | Female traits | Male traits | Special identification method |
|---|---|---|---|
| birds | Feathers are dull in color and smaller in size | Bright feathers and large size | Tweet sound analysis (male bird is more complex) |
| mammal | Have breast glands and genital concealment | Exposed genitals, some species have horns | DNA detection (SRY gene) |
| Fish | Abdomen enlargement (egg-paving period) | Bright body color, chasing behavior | Observation of fertile pore morphology |
| Reptiles | Short tail, flat plastic | Thick and long tail, depression of the plastic nail | Temperature dependent gender (such as crocodiles) |
2. Gender differentiation of plants
The plant gender system is more complex than that of animals. Research hotspots in the past 10 days show that about 6% of flowering plants are dioecious (such as ginkgo), 15% are hermaphrodisiac (such as corn), and the rest are mostly bisexual flowers. The key differentiation indicators are as follows:
| Plant Type | Female traits | Male traits | Economic value differences |
|---|---|---|---|
| ginkgo | The seeds smell bad | Only pollen | Female fruits can be used as medicine |
| kiwi | Ovary enlarged, with obvious style | Anther dense, without stigma | The male plant needs to be configured in a ratio of 8:1 |
| marijuana | Produce CBD active ingredients | Better fiber quality | Industrial hemp breeds female plants |
3. Scientific progress in human gender identification
A recent journal Nature reported that scientists found that human gender differentiation involves more than 12,000 gene expression differences. Traditional chromosome identification (XX/XY) can no longer fully explain gender diversity. The latest research proposes the following multi-dimensional identification system:
| Identification dimensions | Typical female traits | Typical male characteristics | Testing technology |
|---|---|---|---|
| chromosome | XX | XY | Karyotype analysis |
| Hormone levels | Estrogen >200pg/ml | Testosterone > 300ng/dl | Blood test |
| Brain structure | Thicker corpus callosum | The hypothalamic nucleus is 20% larger | fMRI scan |
4. Recent hot topics
1.Gender control technology: American companies launch "female-only" salmon fry seeds, sparking ethical discussion
2.Impact of climate change3.AI Gender Identification: The new algorithm uses gait to identify human genders to 96%, but there is a risk of bias
5. Practical identification techniques
•birds: Observe the cloaca (male bird has a cylindrical protrusion)
•Ornamental fish: Male fish have "star-chasing" keratinous protrusions during breeding
•poultry: The accuracy of chicks' anal reversing method can reach more than 85%
•plant: Observe pollen spread in the early morning during the flowering period
Scientific reminder: There are 1-2% interpersonal individuals in nature, and relying solely on external characteristics may cause misjudgment. It is recommended to conduct accurate identification in combination with molecular biological methods.
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